The investigation into the Penn State Cancer Institute, based at the Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, reveals significant concerns regarding leadership transitions and operational integrity. This inquiry, undertaken by Spotlight PA, involved extensive interviews with over 150 individuals linked to the institute, including current and former employees who expressed fears of retaliation, leading to anonymity in their accounts.
The Penn State Cancer Institute operates within the larger framework of Penn State Health and the university itself, which holds majority ownership of the health system. Until May 2024, Raymond Hohl served as the director overseeing both clinical and research functions of the institute. He now focuses on education and research initiatives. This shift comes amid discussions surrounding the institute’s accreditation and future direction.
Understanding National Cancer Institute Designation
The status conferred by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) is a prestigious marker of excellence in cancer research and treatment. Established in 1971, the designation aims to enhance the quality of cancer care across the United States. Currently, there are 73 designated centers, most affiliated with university medical schools.
To achieve this designation, a center must apply for a federal grant, a process that can exceed one year and result in applications of more than 1,000 pages. Centers are evaluated on various factors, including their research impact and the needs of the communities they serve. The NCI periodically reviews designated centers to ensure compliance with federal standards.
The highest designation, termed “comprehensive,” recognizes an institute’s capacity for interdisciplinary research and its regional impact. Other levels include “basic laboratory” for specialized lab research and “clinical” for broader research capabilities.
Leadership Changes Raise Concerns
Leadership at the Penn State Cancer Institute has experienced significant shifts recently. Steve Massini, the CEO of Penn State Health, retired in October 2024. This was followed by the retirement of Deborah Addo, the chief operating officer, in the fall of 2025. Additionally, Robert Harbaugh, previously the chief medical officer of Hershey Medical Center, stepped back from his leadership role in November 2025 but remains a professor at the medical college.
During this period of transition, Kevin Black served as interim dean of the medical college until Karen Kim was appointed permanently in September 2023. Black currently holds the position of interim vice dean for educational affairs.
Prior to the release of this report, Spotlight PA reached out to the aforementioned leaders through Penn State’s communications staff, but none were available for comment. The organization had submitted a list of questions to Penn State Health, but only received a general statement in response without addressing specific inquiries.
Spotlight PA’s investigation drew from numerous internal documents, including audit reports and safety records, alongside conversations with oncologists and cancer experts not affiliated with the institute. This comprehensive approach ensured a well-rounded perspective on the alleged issues facing the Penn State Cancer Institute.
Approximately two weeks before publication, Spotlight PA presented its findings to Penn State and relevant individuals for final comments. No responses were received by the deadline.
As the Penn State Cancer Institute navigates these challenges, the implications for patient care and research could be significant, necessitating ongoing scrutiny and discussion within the medical community and beyond.
